One small homeland
For many years I have corresponded with McCorkell, McCorkle and MacCorkill descendants in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Scotland. Almost every one of them, once the paper trail is followed back far enough, arrives in the same small corner of north-west Ireland: the Laggan and Burt, the city of Londonderry and its Liberties, the Finn valley around Castlefinn and Lifford, and Inishowen.
The records in the earlier chapters explain why. The name came into Ulster with a handful of Scottish planters in the 1620s and 1630s, and for the next two centuries it stayed close to where they settled. The Y-DNA agrees. Men tested from Donegal, Derry, Pennsylvania and the Carolinas share one paternal line (Chapter VI), and a fellow researcher who knows the Derry families agrees with me that the Ulster McCorkells probably descend from a very small pool, perhaps one family group.
Each group is a family that can be placed in a townland at home. Proven means the link is in the records. Probable means the evidence points one way but a link is missing. Tradition means family memory only. The names, dates and places can be searched in the register.
Family groups at home and abroad
Ballyrattan and Curraghnagarry, Moville Upper
ProvenInishowen, Co. Donegal · c. 1750 onward
My own line, from William McCorkell of Curraghnagarry (c. 1750–1827), who signed the vestry book in 1792. Several of his great-granddaughters went to North America. Margaret reached Victoria, British Columbia, by way of the United States in 1863, and her sisters followed. Martha married William Harrison at Victoria in 1873; when she died in 1893 the Daily Colonist recalled that she had come out from Moville more than twenty years before with her sisters, Mrs Maslin, Mrs James Smith and Mrs Field. Another branch, John and Mary Ann McCorkill of Ballyrattan, sailed on the Mary Ann for Saint John, New Brunswick, in 1853.
British ColumbiaNew BrunswickBoston
The Ballyrattan line, Chapter VBallymacarthur, Goorey and Greencastle, Moville Lower
ProvenInishowen, Co. Donegal · 1740 onward
Robert at Ballymacarthur and Joseph at Goorey head the Moville families in the 1740 census. In the next century the area held more McCorkells than anywhere else in Ireland: over a hundred births were registered in the Moville district between 1834 and 1898.
Joseph and Ann McCorkell, cousins who had married, left Lower Moville for Glasgow about 1847. Their daughter Sally, baptised on 18 April 1834, is the first McCorkell in the Moville Presbyterian register. In Scotland the children gradually took the name McCorkindale. Their son William, a Clyde hammerman, married Barbara McLaughlan and disappeared from the records in 1869. Joseph's parents were George McCorkell and Sarah Park; Ann's were John McCorkell and Ann Aitcheson. Two Paisley McCorkindales later married into the Martin family of Greencastle. From Greencastle too, James William McCorkell, born in 1859, went to Ohio and then Los Angeles, where he died in 1917.
Glasgow & PaisleyOhioCalifornia
Ballymacarthur baptisms, Chapter VCarrowtrasna, Moville
ProvenInishowen, Co. Donegal · Roman Catholic · 1800s
One of the few Catholic McCorkell families. Charles McCorkell, son of George, married Mary Lynch at Malin in 1873 and died in 1885. Their son John, born in 1881, went to New York in the early 1900s and married there. A George McCorkell of the same district, son of George and Margaret McLoughlin, went to New York in 1871 and married Mary Herman. Anne McCorkell of Stroove married Patrick O'Donnell in 1830.
New York & Brooklyn
The Shipping McCorkells, Londonderry
ProvenThe Bogside and the Diamond, Derry city · c. 1721 onward
The family of William McCorkell, "in the Bog side", who died in 1795 in his 74th year and was probably the innkeeper of the Bogside named in the Londonderry Journal in 1772–75. His son William (1772–1836) owned the Londonderry Journal from 1796 and lost a famous libel action brought by the Rev. Cornelius O'Mullan at Galway Assizes in 1816, with £2,500 damages. William's son Arthur was baptised at First Derry Presbyterian Church in 1815, which shows the family were Presbyterian even though they married and were buried at the cathedral.
Archibald McCorkell (c. 1774–1829), a son of the founder and a ship's captain, settled in America and died in New York; he married Elizabeth Moore. Arthur's sons Arthur, aged 23, on the Amyone in 1875, and Louis, on the Cotopaxi in 1882, went to Australia and married there. George Magee McCorkell, very probably a son of the younger Archibald McCorkell, reached Victoria in 1881. Arthur's daughter Annette married James Corscaden (1848–1907). Archibald McCorkell, born in 1803 and a town councillor for the East Ward, died on 12 March 1854; his widow Mary died in 1884.
New YorkNew South WalesQueenslandVictoria
The Shipping McCorkells, Chapter VBurt: Skeog, Dundrain and Elaghbeg
ProvenThe Laggan, Co. Donegal · 1660s onward
The oldest continuous cluster. Archibald McCorkle paid hearth money at Elaghbeg in 1665, and the Burt kirk session book of 1676–1715 is full of the name, including Alexander McCorcle, married on 16 May 1696. At Dundrain, James McCorkell and Mary Ann Adams raised Thomas (b. 1835), James (b. 1839), Margaret and Matilda, two of whom married McElvennys. The Rev. Joseph MacCorkell (1857–1944) was a grandson of John McCorkell of Skeog. An American researcher has noted that the kirk session's index "reads like a telephone directory" of eighteenth-century Augusta and Rockbridge counties, Virginia.
Pennsylvania & Virginia (probable)
The McCorkells of Burt, Chapter VTemplemore, Monellan and the Finn valley
ProbableCo. Londonderry and Co. Donegal · 1770s onward
John McCorkell, born about 1803, told his family in Australia that he was born in Templemore, and he had the word set into the leaded glass of his front door. On 14 February 1839 he married Elizabeth, daughter of the late Charles Holmes of the townland of Scotland, at Donoughmore Presbyterian Church near Castlefinn; the register calls him John McCorkell of Monellan, in the parish of Monreagh. With his wife and their daughter Margaret, aged six months, he sailed from Greenock on the Robert Benn in 1842 and landed at Melbourne. A Jane McCorkell, born about 1817 in Donegal, was on the same voyage. His first son was named Andrew, and an Andrew McCorkell is listed at Mullennan, Templemore, in the 1831 census. Nearby, a McCorkill farmed at Cloughfin in 1778 and William McCorkhill sold his farm there in 1783, and Samuel McCorkell was churchwarden of Taughboyne in 1812.
From Lifford, James McCorkell (b. about 1761) and Martha Clarke had a son James, born in 1788. He married Lillian Matthews and moved from Strabane to New York, where he died in Suffolk County in 1857.
VictoriaNew York
Ballynagard, Culmore
ProvenNorth-West Liberties of Londonderry · 1796 onward
Andrew McCorkell, born in 1796, married Lydia McIlheney. On 6 June 1857 the Argentinus left Londonderry for Quebec carrying Andrew, 61, Lydia, 56, and their children Martha, Lydia, Anne and William, all of Ballynagard. Their grandchildren were born at Quebec and in Ontario and moved west to Oregon, Idaho and Washington. Their son Samuel went the other way, to Melbourne, in 1854.
Quebec & OntarioOregon & IdahoVictoria
Samuel and the lost Lydia, Chapter IVBuncrana and Fahan
ProbableInishowen, Co. Donegal · 1796 onward
Joseph McCorkell married Rebecca Cook at Fahan Lower on 8 February 1825; their sons Samuel (1832), John (1836) and William (1838) were born at Buncrana, and William died at Macedon, Victoria, in 1899. An Australian tree gives Joseph's birthplace as Lanarkshire in 1808; that needs checking against the Irish records. Samuel Daniel McCorkell (1833–1895), buried at Gisborne, Victoria, is variously given as a son of Joseph and Rebecca or of a Joseph and Sarah Nolan. The Gisborne families are described in a Victorian book, Haystacks and Hellfire.
Victoria
To Australia, Chapter IVBallougry and Ballymagowan, Londonderry
ProbableUpper Liberties of Londonderry · 1849 onward
Robert Browne McCorkell (1856–1935), a carter born in Co. Donegal, married Ellen Reid on 6 January 1881; the register names his father as George McCorkell, labourer. The family is in the 1901 census at Ballougry. A marriage in 1849 of a George McCorkell, labourer, to a Miss Browne in the same district fits well as his parents', and may explain the middle name. Descendants went to New Zealand in the twentieth century.
New Zealand
Primity, New Buildings
ProbableClondermot parish, Co. Londonderry · c. 1800 onward
A farming family of the townland of Primity, by the village of New Buildings on the east bank of the Foyle, who farmed in the locality for generations. The names John and David alternate in the family, which can be traced back to a William of about 1800. Their farm is marked on the map of Ulster McCorkells in Louis McCorkle's From Viking Glory. John Mac Corkill, who paid on one hearth at Lislagh in Clondermot in 1663, lived in the same district and may be their ancestor.
Aughnish, near Ramelton
ProvenLough Swilly, Co. Donegal · 1790s
Isaac McCorkell, M.D., born in 1795, served as a militia surgeon and went out to Jamaica, where he became a justice of the peace and married Ann Smith in 1824.
Jamaica
The McCorkells of Aughnish, Chapter IIIClearfield County, Pennsylvania
ProvenFrom Co. Donegal by way of Glasgow · 1804 onward
John McCorkle was born in Co. Donegal on 4 July 1804. With his wife Mary Wilkie (or Wilkinson) he was living at 143 Gallowgate, Glasgow, in 1851, before they emigrated to Girard township, Clearfield County. A Presbyterian church was built there in 1873 "through the perseverance of Mr. John McCorkle". Their children were William T., Margaret, Robert, Rebecca and Fannie; a brother went to Canada.
GlasgowPennsylvania
The colonial emigrants
The eighteenth-century emigrants left too early for most Irish records, so their Irish homes are rarely known. The DNA and a few traditions connect them to the north-west.
| Family | What is known | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| John McCorkle, 1734–1810, Mecklenburg Co., North Carolina | The closest Y-DNA match to the Donegal line | DNA |
| Alexander McCorkle, 1722–1800, Rockbridge Co., Virginia | Came to Pennsylvania as a boy; probable forefather of Governor William A. MacCorkle of West Virginia, who wrote that his ancestor left Londonderry about 1690 | Tradition |
| Samuel McCorkle, Augusta Co., Virginia | Came down the Valley of Virginia from Pennsylvania | Records |
| James and William McCorkle, Kentucky | Came from Ulster about 1770; probably a third brother, Samuel, died before 1797 | Records |
| John McCorkle and Isabella Montgomery | Married about 1795 "near Londonderry"; nine children born in Pennsylvania and Ohio; John died at Youngstown, Ohio, in 1833 | Family transcript |
| Thomas McCorkle, c. 1780–1830, Myerstown, Pennsylvania | Son Joseph born 1816 | Records |
More are listed in Chapter IV.
The exceptions
Two groups do not fit the pattern, and both prove the rule by coming from Scotland. The McCorkells of Loughgilly, County Armagh, came from Paisley in the early 1800s and later went to Minnesota and Iowa (Chapter V). The McCorkills of Kenmore in Perthshire, baptising children in the 1640s, and the Ochiltree family of the 1690s belong to the Scottish background of Chapter I. The McCorquodales of Argyll share the name's Norse root but not its DNA.
The three brothers
Nearly every branch abroad has been told some version of the same story: three brothers rowed over from Scotland, one stayed in Derry, one went "up country" and was lost, and one went to America. Sometimes they flee after Culloden in 1746; sometimes they come from Kilchrenan on Loch Awe about 1680 or 1690. When Sir Dudley McCorkell died in 1960, his obituary said that three brothers of his family "came to Londonderry about the year 1680".
The records rule out the Culloden version, since McCorkells were in the Laggan by 1630 and in Derry by 1657. The story may still preserve a memory of the second wave of Scottish settlers in the 1690s (Chapter II). It may also have been polished in Victorian times to give a prosperous family grander origins than a Bogside inn. The tale of three brothers is one of the commonest legends in family history everywhere.
Open questions
- Who were the parents of John McCorkell of Monellan, born about 1803: Andrew of Mullennan, or a Finn valley family?
- Was Joseph McCorkell of Buncrana born in Lanarkshire, or does that come from his Glasgow namesake?
- Which George McCorkell was the father of Robert Browne McCorkell of Ballougry?
- Did the Shipping McCorkells descend from the Laggan families, and was the founder born about 1721 or 1728?
- Can a Big Y test of a Donegal McCorkell place the Irish lines on the same SNP branch as the North Carolina family?
This chapter would not exist without researchers and descendants in America, Canada, Australia and New Zealand who have shared their trees, letters and photographs since 2009. They are thanked here together. Living people are not named, and nothing after 1901 is published.
Sources
- Correspondence with McCorkell and McCorkle researchers, 2009–2017.
- Moville, Fahan, Donoughmore and First Derry Presbyterian registers; St Columb's Cathedral registers; Burt Kirk Session Book.
- Passenger lists: Mary Ann 1853 and Argentinus 1857 (Derry passenger books, PRONI); Robert Benn 1842 and Victorian immigration records.
- Belfast News-Letter, Feb 1795; Londonderry Standard, 16 Mar 1854; Daily Colonist, Victoria, 11 Jul 1893; Clearfield Republican obituary of John McCorkle.
- L. C. Aldrich, History of Clearfield County, Pennsylvania (1887); O. F. Morton, History of Rockbridge County, Virginia.
- Louis W. McCorkle, From Viking Glory; A. G. Lecky, The Laggan and its Presbyterianism (1905).
- Abercorn estate papers, PRONI (D623); Hearth Money Rolls; 1831 census of Co. Londonderry; 1901 census of Ireland.